ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED

New York, NY · Founded 1967

Creates science-based solutions to environmental challenges through research and economic analysis

Primary audience
Policymakers and Corporations
Work area
Environmental Protection
Topic
Science-Based Solutions
Contact
Frederic D Krupp

About Organization

Environmental Defense Fund combines rigorous scientific research with economic principles to develop practical solutions for climate change, air pollution, and resource protection. With 1,153 employees and annual revenue of $298.7 million, the organization creates policy recommendations and market-based strategies that governments, corporations, and communities can implement. Headquartered in New York, NY, it works globally to preserve natural systems.

What They Focus On

Climate Solutions

Develops market-based strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address climate change globally.

Resource Protection

Creates economic incentives and regulations to protect air, water, and land resources through science-backed approaches.

Policy Innovation

Designs practical recommendations that governments and corporations can implement to achieve measurable environmental improvements.

Financial Information

Form 990 data showing organizational financial health and growth.

Revenue (2023)

$298.7M

Expenses (2023)

$295.8M

Assets (2023)

$391.7M

Employees (2023)

1,153

Source: IRS Form 990 filings. All figures in USD.

How They Work

Learn more
  • 01

    Scientific Research

    Conducts rigorous analysis of environmental challenges to identify root causes and opportunities for intervention.

  • 02

    Economic Analysis

    Evaluates market mechanisms and economic incentives that can drive environmental protection effectively.

  • 03

    Policy Development

    Creates practical recommendations that governments and corporations can implement to address environmental problems.

  • 04

    Implementation Support

    Works with stakeholders to execute market-based strategies and measure environmental outcomes.

Programs and Initiatives

Services and programs offered by ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED

Climate Solutions

Develops market-based strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address global climate change.

Air Quality

Creates science-backed approaches to reduce air pollution and protect public health through policy reform.

Ocean Conservation

Works with fishing industries and governments to implement sustainable practices that protect marine ecosystems.

Ecosystem Protection

Combines scientific research with economic analysis to preserve land resources and biodiversity worldwide.

Team & Leadership

Meet the people behind ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED.

Frederic D Krupp

Frederic D Krupp

President
Full-time
Compensation: $1,238,682
Angela Churie Kallhauge

Angela Churie Kallhauge

Executive Vice PresidentImpact
Full-time
Compensation: $423,364
Sean Cook

Sean Cook

Executive Vice PresidentChief Administrative Officer
Full-time
Compensation: $402,057
Julie Hooper

Julie Hooper

Executive Vice PresidentChief Development Officer
Margarite Buitrago

Margarite Buitrago

Executive Vice PresidentChief Financial Officer
Pete Harrison

Pete Harrison

Executive Vice PresidentRegions
Tom Murray

Tom Murray

Executive Vice PresidentSolutions
AL

Amanda Leland

Executive Director
Full-time
Compensation: $629,295
JK

Jay Knott Thru 1223

COO, Senior Executive VP
Full-time
Compensation: $511,819
NL

N Louis Mkanganwi

SVP, CFO & CTO
Full-time
Compensation: $344,267
CN

Catherine Nardonethru 1223

Sr. EVP, Chief Dev. Officer
Full-time
Compensation: $554,272
TM

Thomas Murray

EVP, Solutions
Full-time
Compensation: $407,504
GR

Gwen Ruta

Senior Advisor (Thru 12/23)
Full-time
Compensation: $399,029
ES

Eric Schwaab

SVP, People And Nature
Full-time
Compensation: $388,270
SH

Steven Hamburg

SVP, Chief Scientist
Full-time
Compensation: $378,604
CM

Catharina M Vandervoort

Clo & Corp Secy (Thru 2/24)
Full-time
Compensation: $312,902
RP

Ronora Pawelko As Of 524

Sr Dir, Sr Cnsl-Pol Law & Secy
4 hrs/week
Compensation: $178,827

Milestones

1967

Organization Founded

1967

Established to find practical environmental solutions through science and economic analysis.

1990

Acid Rain Success

1990

Helped design cap-and-trade program that successfully reduced acid rain in United States.

2010

Global Expansion

2010

Expanded international programs addressing climate change, ocean health, and ecosystem protection worldwide.

2023

Major Operations

2023

Reached 1,153 employees and $298.7 million revenue working on environmental challenges globally.

Associated People

Board members, advisors, and key contributors

Board of Directors

AL
Abby Leigh Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
AH
Alice Hill Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
BV
Bruce V Rauner Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
CF
Carl Ferenbach Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
CJ
Charles J Hamilton Jr ESQ Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
CA
Christopher A Cole Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
CC
Christopher Costello Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
CC
Collister Coddy Johnson Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
DS
David S Vogel Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
EM
Elizabeth McCance Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
ES
Elizabeth Strickler Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
FE
Frank E Loy Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
GL
G Leonard Baker Jr Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
GC
Georges C Benjamin MD Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
IY
Ion Yadigaroglu trustee 2.0 hrs/week
JB
Joshua Bekenstein Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
KL
Katherine Lorenz Vice Chair 2.0 hrs/week
KM
Kathryn Murdoch Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
KO
Kenneth Olden PHD Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
KJ
Kristen J Feldman Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
LD
Leslie Dach Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
LK
Lisa Keith Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
LR
Lynn R Goldman MD Mph Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
ML
Marie Lynn Miranda PHD Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
MW
Mark W Heising Chair 2.0 hrs/week
MC
Matt Cohler Vice Chair 2.0 hrs/week
MD
Michael D Bills Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
NE
Nikki Eslami Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
PM
Peggy M Shepard Vice Chair 2.0 hrs/week
RC
Rachel Crane Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
RJ
Richard J Lazarus ESQ Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
RD
Ruth Defries PHD Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SR
Secretary Ray Mabus Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SW
Shelby W Bonnie Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SR
Spencer Robertson Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SD
Stanley Druckenmiller Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SW
Stephen W Pacala PHD Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SF
Susan Ford Dorsey Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SM
Susan Mandel Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SO
Susan Oberndorf Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
SW
Susan Wojcicki TRUSTEE (thru 8/24) 2.0 hrs/week
TH
The Honorable Thomas H Kean Trustee 2.0 hrs/week
VS
Virginia Sall Trustee 2.0 hrs/week

Information compiled from IRS Form 990 and organizational materials.

Executive Compensation

Top compensated officers & key employees from IRS Form 990 (2023)

Total Reported (2023)

$6.8M

Highest Paid

$1.3M

Frederic D Krupp

Compensated Officers

13

Name Title Base Other Total Hrs/Wk
Frederic D Krupp President $1,238,682 $63,323 $1,302,005 36
Amanda Leland Executive Director $629,295 $50,082 $679,377 40
Catherine Nardonethru 1223 SR. EVP, Chief DEV. Officer $554,272 $52,039 $606,311 36
Jay Knott Thru 1223 COO, Senior Executive VP $511,819 $42,164 $553,983 40
Angela Churie Kallhauge Executive VP, Impact $423,364 $68,166 $491,530 40
Thomas Murray EVP, Solutions $407,504 $68,134 $475,638 40
Sean Cook SVP, Chief HR Officer $402,057 $54,628 $456,685 40
Gwen Ruta Senior Advisor (Thru 12/23) $399,029 $33,403 $432,432 40
Steven Hamburg SVP, Chief Scientist $378,604 $45,222 $423,826 40
Eric Schwaab SVP, People And Nature $388,270 $27,313 $415,583 40
N Louis Mkanganwi SVP, CFO & CTO $344,267 $43,474 $387,741 36
Catharina M Vandervoort CLO & Corp Secy (Thru 2/24) $312,902 $47,562 $360,464 40
Ronora Pawelko As Of 524 SR DIR, SR Cnsl-Pol Law & Secy $178,827 $10,212 $189,039 4

Source: IRS Form 990 filings. Compensation includes base and other reported compensation.